前漢書 The History of the Former Han Dynasty by Pan Ku - A Critical Trn with Commentaries by Homer H Dubs (Chapters I-XII & XCIX).pdf
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前漢書
The History of the Former
Han Dynasty
by
Pan Ku
A critical translation
with commentaries by
Homer H. Dubs
(Chapters I-XII & XCIX)
Published by The Institute for Advanced Technology in the Humanities
© Copyright 2003 byAnne Kinney and the University of Virginia
Table of Contents
CHAPTER I. THE ANNALS OF EMPEROR KAOTSU
Introduction
— 5
漢 書 一 上
— 25
Translation and Notes: Part I
— 37
漢 書 一 : 高 紀 第 一 下
— 82
Translation and Notes: Part II —
92
Appendix I. The Conjunction of the Five Planets in TungChing
— 129
Appendix II. The Han Dynasty's Earlier Calendar
— 132
Appendix III. The Method Used in Checking Recorded Eclipses
— 138
Appendix IV. The Eclipses during the Reign of the Emperor KaoTsu
— 142
CHAPTER II. THE ANNALS OF EMPEROR HSIAOHUI
Introduction to Chapters II and III
— 144
漢 書 二
— 149
Translation and Notes
— 151
Appendix. The Eclipses during the Reign of Emperor Hui
— 163
CHAPTER III. THE ANNALS OF EMPRESS KAOTSU
漢 書 三
— 165
Translation and Notes
— 168
Appendix. The Eclipses during the Reign of Empress of KaoTsu
— 183
CHAPTER IV. THE ANNALS OF EMPEROR HSIAOWEN
Introduction
— 185
漢 書 四
— 190
Translation and Notes
— 199
Appendix I. Standard Weights and Measures of Han Times
— 240
Appendix II. The Sacred Field
— 244
Appendix III. Eclipses during the Reign of Emperor Wen
— 246
Appendix IV. Solar Eclipses during the First Fifty Years of the Former Han
Dynasty
— 249
CHAPTER V. THE ANNALS OF EMPEROR HSIAOCHING
Introduction
— 252
漢 書 五
— 261
Translation and Notes
— 267
Appendix I. An Official's Charter
— 291
Appendix II. Solar Eclipses during the Reign of Emperor Ching
— 292
CHAPTER VI. THE ANNALS OF EMPEROR HSIAOWU
Introduction
— 296
漢 書 六
— 317
Translation and Notes
— 333
— 2 —
THE HISTORY OF HAN DYNASTY
Table of Contents
Appendix I. The Establishment of YearPeriods
— 405
Appendix II. Punishments by Altering the Clothing
— 407
Appendix III. The Eighth Month Fermented Liquor Offering
— 409
Appendix IV. The Competitive Games
— 412
Appendix V. The BloodSweating Horses of Ferghana
— 415
Appendix VI. Eclipses in the Reign of Emperor Wu
— 419
CHAPTER VII. THE ANNALS OF EMPEROR HSIAOCHAO
Introduction
— 425
漢 書 七
— 431
Translation and Notes
— 436
Appendix I. Required Military Service
— 455
Appendix II. Eclipses in the Reign of Emperor Chao
— 457
CHAPTER VIII. THE ANNALS OF EMPEROR HSIAOHSÜAN
Introduction
— 458
漢 書 八
— 473
Translation and Notes
— 486
Appendix I. The Tabu on Imperial Personal Names
— 537
Appendix II. The Discussion of the Classics in the ShihCh'ü Pavilion
— 541
Appendix III. Eclipses in the Reign of Emperor Hsüan
— 544
CHAPTER IX. THE ANNALS OF EMPEROR HSIAOYÜAN
Introduction
— 546
漢 書 九
— 563
Translation and Notes
— 571
Appendix I. The Nature of the "Clerkly Writing"
— 602
Appendix II. The Victory of Han Confucianism
— 604
Appendix III. Eclipses During the Reign of Emperor Yüan
— 615
CHAPTER X. THE ANNALS OF EMPEROR HSIAOCH'ENG
Introduction
— 617
漢 書 十
— 632
Translation and Notes
— 642
Appendix. Eclipses During the Reign of Emperor Ch'eng
— 677
CHAPTER XI. THE ANNALS OF EMPEROR HSIAOAI
Introduction
— 681
漢 書 十 一
— 692
Translation and Notes
— 697
Appendix I. The Custom of Mourning to the Third Year
— 716
Appendix II. Eclipses During the Reign of Emperor Ai
— 719
CHAPTER XII. THE ANNALS OF EMPEROR HSIAOP'ING
Introduction
— 720
漢 書 十 二
— 734
— 3 —
THE HISTORY OF HAN DYNASTY
Table of Contents
Translation and Notes
— 739
Appendix. Eclipses During the Reign of Emperor P'ing
— 759
CHAPTER XCIX. THE MEMOIR OF WANG MANG
Introduction
— 760
漢 書 九 十 九 上
— 791
Translation and Notes: Part A
— 815
王 �½ 傳 第 六 十 九 中
— 909
Translation and Notes: Part B
— 929
王 �½ 傳 第 六 十 九 下
— 1005
Translation and Notes: Part C
— 1025
(Notes 197 -253 missing from the source)
Appendix I. The Passages in "The Treatise on Food and Goods" Dealing with
Wang Mang
— 1095
Appendix II. Wang Mang's Economic Reforms
— 1118
Appendix III. The KangMao Amulets
— 1143
Appendix IV. Eclipses during the Rule of Wang Mang
— 1150
Appendix V. Solar Eclipses during the Former Han Period
— 1152
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Bibliographical Data
— 1164
— 4 —
CHAPTER I
The Annals of Emperor KaoTsu
Introduction
The first chapter in the History of the Former Han Dynasty contains an account of the rise
of Liu Chi, who became Emperor Kaotsu and the founder of the Han dynasty, and of the
important events in his reign. In accordance with the canon of Chinese historical writing that
the most reliable account is to be obtained by copying sources practically verbatim, this
chapter is largely a copy of the chapter devoted to Kaotsu in Szema Ch'ien's Historical
Records or Shihchi, together with additions taken from the SC chapter on Hsiang Yü.
Those chapters were probably themselves largely copied from the Ch'uHan Ch'unch'iu
by Lu Chia, who presented his book to Kaotsu in 197 B.C. His book is now lost, but it
was preserved in T'ang times, and notations of the information it contained in addition to
what is found in the HS are found in the notes. Very little indeed is so noted. Probably this
book was allowed to disappear because practically everything in it had been incorporated
into the History.
We have thus in the first part of this chapter an account of the conflict that arose after the
death of the First Emperor of the Ch'in dynasty, taken from documents contemporary with
those events. The second part of the chapter contains the chronicle of events in Kaotsu's
reign after he assumed the title of Emperor. This part of the chapter is also copied largely
from the corresponding chapter in the SC, but there are significant additions, especially
among the imperial edicts recorded for that period. Pan Ku seems to have had access to a
collection of imperial edicts preserved in the archives at the capital and to a set of annals of
important events kept by imperial officials. Since he admired Szuma Ch'ien so greatly, he
made Szuma Ch'ien's account the basis of his own account, and added to it or corrected it
at the few places where changes seemed necessary.
The Imperial Annals, the first of which constitutes this chapter, are merely the chronological
summary of the History of the Former Han Dynasty, a typical Chinese encyclopedic
history. In this History the twelve Annals constitute only about one twentieth of the whole
work. It is therefore not to be expected that the Annals should give the whole story of any
reign or even any detailed account of the events in it. Pan Ku realized that history cannot be
broken off at the death of each emperor. He conceived of history as the record of the
deeds of individuals, so he put into his Memoirs and Treatises many facts that are essential
to a full understanding of historical movements. While this chapter does contain many more
details than usually appear in annals, yet much additional material is to be found in the
relevant Memoirs. We have summarized in the Glossary the important Memoirs bearing on
this and other reigns; it is suggested that the reader consult the Glossary sub the names of
places and persons in each chapter. He will find there many events not to be found in the
Annals. Pan Ku limited himself to one dynasty because the immense wealth of material at his
— 5 —
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