History of Laos - Including the History of Lannathai Chiengmai by ML Manich (1967).pdf

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HISTORY
O F
LAOS
(ineludlng
tha
hlrtory
of
Lonnathal,
Chlangmal)
bs
M.1,
Manlch
Copyright
:
Chalermnit,
1-2
Erawan
Arcade,
Bangkok,
1967
sole
dhtributor
.
Prlce
:
1
PO
bahtr.
.
,
PRE:
FACE
T i
is
the
first
attempt
to
hs
put
down
Lao
history
f o
the
various
sources
which
I
have collec-
rm
ted
ever
since
the
days
I
spent
in Laos
from
1957
to
1960.
Since
then
seven
more
years
have
gone
by
in
searching
for more
materials
on
Laos
without
my
being
able
to
write
down
even
what
I
gathered
toge-
ther,
There
is
ever
so
much
more
to
be
read
about
this
interesting
country
in
the
various
libraries
of
the
world,
especially
at
the
National
Library
of
Paria,
more than
I
expected,
and
I
could
apend
my
whole
life
on
it without
being
able
to
find
out
and
read
everything
on
the
subject,
because
after
all
the
Laos
came
from
a
very
big
racial
group
of
the Thai
stock
which
originated,
as
far
as
history
can
tell,
in
Yunnan,
i.e.
at
least
as
far
as
2000
years
back
i
history,
n
Instead
of
waiting
any
longer,
I
have
now
come
to
the
conclusion
that
I
should
better
put
the
results
of
my
findings
down
wen
in
a
hurried
way
in
the
hope
that later
when
I
have
more
time
to
myself,
and
not
so
busy
with
other
occupations,
I
could
put in
more
details
and
also
the
results
of
further findings.
My
first
real
contact
w t
Lao histoe
was
ih
when
I
have
spent
three
happy
yeam
i
Laos.
Of
n
course
I
have
made
a
study
of
the
T a s
long
before
hi
this.
During
these
three
years
I
have
come
across
2
many
materials
in
Lao
language,
most
of
which
are
not
yet
printed.
since
printing
in
Laos
in
Lao
language
is of
recent date.
Many
families
and
many
private
libraries
in
Laos
still
possess
manuscripts
among
their
proud
possessions,
which
they
guard
as
great
treasure, and which
they
would
not
discIose
if
they
suspect
that
the
foreigners
are
coming
to
take
them
away.
These
are
boob
written
by
hand-or
which,
on
rare
occasions
were
run
off
in
few
copies
in
mimeo.
graphed
form,
to
be
privately
circulated
among
friends
or
for
occasional official
uses
or
reports.
They
were
not
known
to
the
outside
world
and
they
are
becoming
more
and
more
scarce,
Some
of
the
manuscripts
are
quite
old,
written
or
copied
out
by
hand,
generation
after
generation
on
local mulberry
paper
made
from
tree
barks
by
their
ancestors
quite
a
number of
years
back
and
still
kept
as
family
treasures,
Some
of
these
valuable
manuscripts
were
either
taken
away
from time
to
time
by
collectors
abroad
and
a
number
deetroyed
during
the
country's
umettled situation
which
extreme
confines
of
Laos,
covering
the
journeys
m s l
oty
on
foot
over
the
numerous
hills
in
order
to
be
able
to
contact
and
talk
with
the
villagers and
priests
far
away
from
everybody,
untouched
by
any
modern
civilization,
and
where
there
are no
means
of
reaching
them
except
by
walking
days
and days,
1
could
find
old
manuscripts
in
Liu,
Youne,
Thai
Dam,
or
other
dialects
of
the
Lao-Thai
language
among
the
villagers
or
in
Buddhist
temples.
Although Lao
literature
has
not
been
encouraged
in
the
past,
there
is
no
means
of
stopping
these
simple
folks
to
study
and
write
in
their own alphabets.
Among
the
Thai
Dams
(Black
Thais)*
although
no
schools
have
ever
been
opened
for
them,
yet
the
fathers
would
continue
to
teach
their
children
to
read
and
write in
their
own
language,
,
-
,
..
,-
---,.
.
,.
,
.
-
*
These
are
the
country continuously,
and
is
unluckily
still
despoiling
in
this unhappy
country,
Ever since
the
days
when
Laos
has
seemed
able
to
reunite
through the
happy
understanding
between the two
opposing
political
parties,
that
of
Soupanouvong
and
that
of
Souvanna
Pouma,
and
when
I
could
still
travel
to
far-off
villagee in
the outlying
provinces
on
the
ravaged
following
places
:
Muong
Yang,
Tuan
Yao
(Muong
Kwai),
Thbng
t
Dien-Bien-Phu),
Ban Kung
Muong
(Muong
Mouie),
Mai
Soen
(Muong
Muo),
Ban
Mon,
Sam-Muen,
Muong
Taen,
Muong
Loi,
Muong
Hung,
Muong
Lam,
Ban
Nangiu,
Ian-chau
(Muong
Vad),
Moc-
chau
(Muong
Sang),
Ban
Souie
Nacng,
Ban
Na-Lai,
T
Kwa,
Ban
Chan,
Son-La
(Muong
a
La),
............
now
in
North
Vietnam,
on
the
further
side
of
Ha~loi.
to
be
found
in
the
4
down
in
printed
form
is
never
dead. And
then
there
are
old
wise
men
of
the
villages
who
would
record
the
history
of
their
people
from
old
memories
as
told
to
them
by
their
great
grandfathers
i
order
to
keep
the
history
n
of
the
happenings
of their
group,
the
doings
of their
heroes,
the
events
of
the
important
families,
known
to
their
children
after
them.
I
found
that there
are
rich
untapped
materials
everywhere
in
Laos,
and
when
I
could
not
find
written
matetiah,
old
men
in
the
villages
stiIl
have
vivid
memories
of
what
their
ancestors
have
handed
down
to
them
by
words
of
mouth,
and
wouId
tell
me
with
fires
in
their
eyes
and
with
great
pride,
the
story
of
their past,
the
story
of
how
their
men,
their
tribe
have
come
to
settie
down
in
such
places,
how
the
different
towns
were
built
and
so
on.
Thus
i
my
travels
1
have
been
n
able
to
meet members
o
the
different royal
families
f
whose
ancestors
used
to
rule
as
independent
sovereigns
in
the
different
parts
of
the
country
in
by-gone days.
Thus
I
have
come
across
some
of
the
princes
of
Sibsong
Panna
of
the
Lao
side
in
Ou
Neua
and
Ou
Tay.
The
preaent
members
of
the
royal
family
of
these
ancient
States
were
pensioned
off
by
the
French
long
ago,
when
the
French
appointed
governors
to
rule
in
their
stead. Then
there
are the
descendants
of
the
famous
Deo-Van-Tri
of
Lai-Chau
so
that
the
language
though
never
put
(or
Sibsong
Chutai)
who
have
run
away
from
the
Vietminhs
in order
to
settle
down
in
a
village
near
Namtha.
Again
I
have
met
the
last
prince
of
Xieng
Khouang
who
is
now
Chaokhoueng
(Governor)
of
that
province.
We
know
that
his
ancestors
have
always
been
ruling
in
Xieng
Khouang
as
an in-
dependent
City
State
ever
since the
days
of
Khun
Borom,
who
founded
Muon
T h ~ n g
over
12
centuries
ago.
All
these
men
had
much
to
tell
about
the
glorious
past
of
the history
of
their
ancestors.
Some
of
them
still
have
manuscripts
preserved
in
their
family
archives.
Unfortunately
the
manuscript
of
the
principality
of
Xieng
Khouang
which
was
brought
up
to
date
by
the
present
prince
himself
during
his
underground
days
was
no
longer
available,
it
having
been lent
out
to
a
French
coIlector
who
promised
the
prince
to
have
it
printed,
but
was
never
found
printed
to
this
day.
In
the
South
I
have
met
with
the
princes
of
Champasak
in
their
own
home.
A
prince
told
me
that
Pakse
was
built
because
the French
wanted
to
rule
over
his
country
without
having
their
family
to
interfere
with
them.
It
would
be
eml~nr-
awing
therefor
to
set
up
administrative quarter
of
Champasak
in
a
place
where the
king
o
Champnsok
f
resided,
so
they moved the
administrative
quarter
to
a
new
place
and
thus
Pakse
was
built.
Old
people
in
various
localities
atill
remember
about
the
history
of
6
their
part
of
the
country.
Thus
a
teacher
i
Attopeu
n
told
me
a
moving
story
of
how
he
himself
and
his
associates
took
over
the
town
from
the
Vietnamese
after
the
French
had
retreated and
the
Japanese
had
moved
in.
The
Japanese
had
declared
Laos
.
indepen-
dent,
but
Attopeu
was
still
under
the
Vietnamese.
During
French
occupation,
they
had
employed
Vietna-
mese
soldiers
to
guard
Attopeu,
When
the
French
had
gone, naturally
the
Vietnamese
took
over
the
control.
T i
patriot
who
was
a
s m l
teacher
hs
ipe
organized
his
men
is
order
to
return
hia
town
back
to
Laos,
seized
the
argenal,
surprised
the
Vietnamese
soldiers
and drove
them
over
the
borders
into
Vietnam.
A
villager
in
Namtha
showed
me
a
manuscript
on
mulberry
paper
and
then
read
out
to
me
the
history
of
the
Thai
Dam
race
and
of
a
certain
great
hero
of
their
history
called
Pu
Chao
Ngu
Hao
(or
Grandfather
Cobra).
A
villager
in
Thakhek
toId
me
about
the
legend
o
old
Thakhek
or
Sikot
(or
Kot-Trabomg).
f
This
town
was
moved
about
from
place
to
place
a~
capital
of
a
glorious
kingdom
of
the
past,
Kammuon,
the
heritage
of
one
of
the
seven
sons
of
Khun
Borom;
but
people
claimed
that
it
has
a
history
even
before
Khun
Borom's
time,
i,e.
during
Buddha's
days,
when
afterwards
his
relic
was
sent
out
by
Emperor
Asoka
o
India
to
found
the
temples
of
Nakorn
Panom
and
f
probably
aIso
Inhang
shrine
in
Savannakhet.
It
is
not
possible
to record
everything
in
this
short
space
various
people
have
told
rnc
about the
origin
of
their
towns,
the
history
of
their
various
monuments,
statues
and
temples.
Many
people
in
Khong
still
remember
the
days
when
the
French
were
fighting
the
Thai
in
that
area.
In
fact
there
are
still
so
much
materials
in
Laos
both
from
the
mouth
of
people
and
from
manuscripts
which
need
further
extensive
research
before
we
ehould
allow
these
old
men
to
pasa
away
without leaving
their
stories
behind,
or
before
these
old-time
manuscripts
should
all
be
gradually destroyed
by
the
w r
which
are
atill
raging
as
in
that
unhappy
country.
Thus
an
old
man
in
Khong
told
me
that
during
the
fight
between
the
Thai
and
the
French
in 1893
how
the
French
used
to
tell
the
local
people
that
the
King of
Bangkok
wal
already
held
captive
in
their
hands.
They
have
sent
a
beautiful
woman
to
Iure
the
k i i
into
their boat
and
then
they
steamed
off
with
the
real
king,
sending
up
ashore another
person
very
like
him
who
was
sitting
on
the
throne
and
would
soon
stop
all
the
fights
and
hostilities.
Although
such
a
story
is
impossible
yet
it
shows
how
news
could
circulate
those
days
among
eimple
folks
in
orde~
to
allay
their
fears.
It
is
a
great
pity
that
situations
have
changed
and
I
shall
no
longer
be
able
to
revisit
these
far-off
places in
the
distant
comers
of
Laos
to
gather
more

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