Elektor - 301 Circuits (OCR).pdf

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1
Circuits
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AN
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PUEM.ICATION.
\
practical
electronic circuits
for the home
constructor
V
introduction
301 circuits
The book follows the theme, and
>
)
f
i
is a continuation of our popular
and very succe sful 300 circuits
publication. It is composed of
301 assorted circuits ranging from
the simple to the more complex
designs described and explained in
straightforward language. An ideal
basis for constructional projects
and a comprehensive source of
ideas for anyone interested in elec-
tronics. In a nutshell something to
please everybody.
.
1
-
!
All rights reserved. No part of this publication
may be reproduced or transmitted in any form
or by any means, including photocopying and
recording, without the prior written permission
of the publishers. Such written permission must
also be obtained before any part of this book is
stored in a retrieval system of any nature.
The circuits and other diagrams contained in
this book are tor domestic use only. Patent
protection may exist with respect to circuits,
devices, components, etc. described in this
book. The publishers do not accept responsi-
bility for failing to identify such patent or
other protection.
Reprinted in India
by Elektor Electronics Pvt. Ltd.
52-C Proctor Road,
Grant Road (E), Bombay 400 007. India
Under agreement with
Elektuur B.V. Seek
The Netherlands
Price Rs. 125/-
2
I
3
5
decoder
f
Semiconductor types
Very often, a large number of
equivalent semiconductors
Some 'DUG's are: OA 85,
OA 91, OA 95, AA116.
. 'BC107B'
'
'
Resistors are Vi Watt 5%
carbon types, unless otherwise
specified. The DC working
exist with different type
numbers. For this reason,
abbreviated
type numbers
used in Elektor wherever
'
'
,
BC237B',
BC 547B' all refer to the
'
voltage of capacitors (other
,
than electrolytics) is normally
assumed to be at least 60 V.
As a rule of thumb, a safe
are
same
family' of almost
identical better-quality
possible:
silicon transistors. In general,
,
. '741'stand for jiA 741
. 'TUP
'
LM 741,MC741,MIC741,
RM 741, SN 72741, etc.
any other member of the
same family can be used
instead.
value is usually approximately
twice
the DC supply voltage.
'
or 'TUN' (Transistor,
BC107 (-8.-9) families
Universal, PNP or NPN
Test voltages
The DC test voltages shown
are measured with a 20 kf2/V
instrument
unless otherwise
,
respectively) stand for any
low frequency silicon
transistor that meets the
BC107 (-8,-9), BC147(-8,-9),
BC 207 (-8, -9), BC 237 (-8, -9),
BC 317 (-8, -9), BC 347 (-8, -9),
specified.
U not V
,
following specifications:
UCEO max
IC
max
,
,
20 V
BC547(-8,-9), BC171 (-2,-3),
BC 182(-3,-4), BC382(-3,-4),
BC437(-8 9), BC414
-
The international letter sym-
100 mA
100
,
hfe min
,
Ptot max
ft min
,
.
lOOmW
100 MHz
BC177(-8, -9) families
BC 177 (-8
-9)
BC 157 (-8,-9),
,
,
bol 'U' for voltage is often
used instead of the ambiguous
'
V 'V i
s
.
normally reserved
Some'TUN's are: BC107,
BC 204 (-5
6), BC307(-8,-9),
BC320(-1 2)
BC350(-1,-2),
BC557(-8 9). BC251 (-2
3)
-
for 'volts'. For instance:
,
-
Ub= 10V,not Vb= 10V.
Mains voltages
,
,
-
-
,
,
,
BCIOSandBC 109 families;
2N3856A, 2N3859, 2N 3860
,
BC212(-3,-4), BC512(-3,-4),
BC 261 (-2,-3), BC416.
Resistor and capacitor values
2N3904, 2N3947, 2N4124.
Some 'TUP's are: BC 1 77 and
No mains (power line) volt-
ages are listed in Elektor
circuits. It is assumed that our
BC 1 78 families; BC 1 79 family
with the possible exception of
BC 159 and BC 179; 2N241 2
2N3251
2N3906, 2N4126,
,
,
readers know what voltage is
When giving component
values, decimal points and
large numbers of zeros are
standard in their part of the
world I
Readers in countries that use
60 Hz should note that
2N4291.
. 'DUS' or 'DUG' (Diode
Universal Silicon or
,
avoided wherever possible.
The decimal point is usually
replaced by one of the
following abbreviations:
Germanium respectively)
stands for any diode that
p
n
(pico-) = lO-'
(nano-) = 10"9
Elektor circuits are designed
for 50 Hz operation. This will
not normally be a problem;
however in cases where the
,
M
(micro-) = IO"6
meets the following
specifications:
DUS
DUG
m (mill!-) = IO"3
k (kilo-) = 103
mains frequency is used for
synchronisation some modifi-
cation may be required.
M (mega-) - 106
G (giga-)
- 10'
A few examples:
Resistance value 2k7: 2700 n
Resistance value 470: 470 fl
,
.
UR max
.
25 V
20 V
1
IF
max
,
100mA 35mA
1 mA
100mA
Ptot max 250mW 250mW
CD
max 5 pF
lOpF
.
,
,
iR
max
Capacitance value 4p7: 4.7pF
or 0.000 000 000 004 7 F . . .
,
Some 'DUS's are: BA 127
BA217
,
,
.
BA218, BA221,
,
Capacitance value 10 n: this is
the international way of writin
writing 10 000 pF or .01 mF,
,
BA222, BA317, BA318,
BAX 13
BAY 61, 1N914,
1N4148.
since 1 n is 10"' farads or
lOOOpF.
4

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