Armed Resistance of the Jews in Poland (1944).pdf

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ARMED RESISTANCE
OF
THE
JEWS IN POLAND
J
v.
Jb
,l
B:v
(Jacob'.
Apenszlak
-
and
Moshe
Polakiewicz
Foreword
DR. JOSEPH TENENBAUM
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Published
by
AMERICAN FEDERATION
FOR
POLISH JEWS
NEW YORK, N. Y.
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439836
Copyright, 1944
by
AMERICAN fEDERATION FOR POLISH JEWS
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EDITORL\L
COMMITTEE
JACOB APENSZLAK
MORRIS BLUMENSTOCK
ISAAC KORNFELD
MOSHE POLAKIEWICZ
JOSEPH TENENBAUM, M.D.
PRINTED
IN
U.S.A,
~10
I
M
CONTENTS
PREFACE
To
THE HEROES OF THE
1.
GHETTO
by Dr. ] oseph Tenenbaum
.
7
NEVER BEFORE IN HISTORY.
THE
jEWISH
UNDERGROUND
9
2.
11
Organizing the Resistance
] ewish Political Groups Reassembling
The First Resistance Action
In the Ghetto Prison
Social Energy Not Extinguished
Educational Activities
The Underground Movement Goes On
Underground Propaganda
Contacts
with
the Polish
Underground
3.
WARRIORS OF THE GHETTOES
.
21
jewish Partisans with Polish Guerrillas
The Idea of Armed Resistance
4.
CONSERVATIVES AND ZEALOTS
.
24
The Search for a lviodus Vivendi
The Basis
of
the Rtuiical Viewpoint
The New
jewish
National Spirit
5.
FIRST REVOLT AGAINST ANNIHILATION .
28
A Shattering Blow
The Significance of Czerniakow's Suicide
Protests Against Opportunism
Survival of the Underground Organization
The Hour of Battle Sounds
Polish Testimony
6.
THE
BATTLE OF THE WARSAW GHETTO.
34
Mobilization of Forces
The First Echoes Reach the World
Death Rather Than Deportation
Appeal to
jewish
Leaders in America
The Heroic
Defense
····'·'
'
Report in Code to Palestine
Under the Flags of Zion and Poland
First Eyewitness Account
The Last Drop of Blood
In the Ghetto Battlefield
German Prisoners Taken
Pawiak Prisoners Freed
The Main Attack
Each House a Fortress
A Call to the Polish Population
Reaction of the Polish Underground
First-Hand Account of Ghetto Battle
Report to Swiss Socialist Party
Account in
Poland Fights
German Promises and Warnings
Youth Firm on Remaining in Ghetto
After Week of Fighting
Criminal Methods
April
29- 5,000
Victims
After Five Weeks-Armed Resistance Continttes
Destroy Ghetto by Fire
Destruction of Neighboring Areas
Bloody Cruelty
Uniformed Nazis Laugh and Applaud
Heroic Struggle Over
7.
THE COUNTRYWIDE FIGHT OF THE JEWISH UNDERGROUND
58
Operations of jewish Partisans
Women ] oin Guerrilla Ranks
Resistance of the Ghettoes
The Organized Action
Uprising of jewish Workers in Lublin
I
ewish Resistance in Tarnow
The Battle in the Bialystok Ghetto
The Uprising of jews in the Death-Camps at Treblinka
and Sobibor
The Fight of the
I
eu/s in Death-Camps in Majdanek,
Trawniki and Poniatow
The Struggle of the jews of the Vilna Ghetto
The Underground National jewish Committee Speaks
8.
THE UNWRITTEN FINAL CHAPTER
76
78
MAP OF THE GHETTO IN WARSAW
.
MEMORIAL PRAYER •
80
Pre/ace
This book is an attempt to
present
a reconstruction of the armed
resist-
ance of the
Jews
in
Poland
against
the Nazi
oppressor.
It
has been pre-
pared on
the basis
of all
the
available
reports that have reached the
outside
world describing
these
epic events.
The
task
has been
by
no
means
easy.
It
has meant
constructing a
general picture
from fragmentary
reports
sent
out
of
Poland;
from secret radio
broadcasts reaching the free
world;
from
the
reports printed in the
illegal
Polish Underground
press; and from
the
account of a single
participant
in
the
struggle who managed to escape
abroad.
The reader must bear
in
mind
that nowhere
does there
exist a complete
picture
of the hermetically
sealed
Jewish
prison
locked
within the walls of
Nazi-dominated Europe. Not
even
the Poles
who were in Warsaw at
the
time
of
the
ghetto
revolt knew the
complete
story,
nor
even the
few Jews,
American
citizens, who
had
been
in Poland
during
the tragic
years and
were
later repatriated in
the exchange of nationals.
There is no reason to
doubt,
however, that the reports of
eyewitnesses, Underground
press, radio
broadcasts, etc.,
correspond to the facts
of the
actual
happening. Some day,
and
it
cannot
now be long in
coming, the world will
have the
complete,
detailed, documented story
of
an
armed
uprising unique
in
world
history.
There
is
all
the more reason to
accept
the
validity and
responsibility
of
these
various reports insofar
as they agree
so
completely
in
all
major
details
of place,
date,
character
of
the
uprisings,
number of casualties,
etc. Taking
into
account
the reservations that must be made in the
absence of
the pos-
sibility
for investigation
on
the
spot, the account
presented in this
book can
be accepted as a
true record.

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