How It Works - Issue 11.pdf

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ANSWERS
INSIDE
THE MAGAZINE THAT FEEDS MINDS
INSIDE
s
s
s
s
TM
ROBERT
WINSTON
Creating a new breed
The largest creatures on
Earth explained
SCIENCE
■
ENVIRONMENT
■
TECHNOLOGY
■
TRANSPORT
HISTORY
■
SPACE
of future scientists
SUPER EARTHS
THE STATUE
OF LIBERTY
How and why the famous
American landmark was built
Revealed! The mysterious exoplanets
beyond our solar system
BLUE WHALES
MASSIVE
MINING
MACHINES
Inside the industrial
behemoths that can
level mountains
LEARN
ABOUT
DRIVE
■
FOUR-WHEEL
■
PARKING SENSORS
■
SHOOTING STARS
■
LIQUID NITROGEN
■
ENIGMA MACHINE
■
TRAFFIC LIGHTS
■
MARS ODYSSEY
■
LIE DETECTORS
■
HMS VICTORY
■
SPRINKLERS
■
MONSOONS
■
CAVES
HOW TO
WEIGH A
PLANET
Find out on
page 56
www.howitworksdaily.com
THE SCIENCE THAT DOES EVERYTHING FROM
SLICING STEEL TO PLAYING MOVIES
MICRO
MONSTERS
The tiny creatures that feast
on your skin
HUMAN
© Imagine Publishing Ltd
BODY CLOCK
LIFEBOATS
No unauthorised copying or distribution
The incredible ships that
Why we feel tired at night and
save lives at sea
hungry at lunchtime
HOW
EAGLES HUNT
Find out how these
amazing animals catch prey
ISSUE ELEVEN
£3.99
© Imagine Publishing Ltd
No unauthorised copying or distribution
Have YOU got a question you want answered
by the How It Works team? Get in touch by…
Get in touch
e that feeds
The magazin
EN
ISSUE ELEV
minds!
Facebook:
search for “How It Works”
Twitter:
http://twitter.com/HowItWorksmag
Email:
howitworks@imagine-publishing.co.uk
Web:
www.howitworksdaily.com
”FEED YOUR MIND!”
Meet the experts
“Written by experts to be enjoyed
by everyone” is how we like to roll,
so meet the people that work so
hard to bring you each issue…
Aneel Bhangu
Blood transfusions
You can trust Aneel, he’s a doctor.
Well, he’s a surgeon to be more
accurate and he’s filled us in on
how blood transfusions are
performed on page 31.
Luis Villazon
Golden eagle
He’s already prowled like a lion in
issue 2 and our resident zoologist
is back to soar like an eagle with
his article on how the golden eagle
hunts on page 23.
Dr Bridget McDermott
Enigma machine
Dr Bridget’s varied expertise
covers military history, so she
snapped up the chance to write an
article on the Enigma code
machine used in the Second World
War. See page 78.
Richard Aucock
Massive mining machines
We borrowed Richard from
Total
911,
one of our sister magazines.
He seems to like it here so we
assigned him the article on
massive mining machines that
begins on page 38.
Nigel Watson
Pluto
Nigel has a degree in psychology,
and another in film and literature.
He is interested in space
exploration and is the author of
books examining historical and
psychological aspects of ufology.
With thanks to
How It Works
would like to thank the
following organisations for their help
“All things bright
and beautiful, all
creatures great
and small.” It may
seem strange to
introduce a
science magazine
with a line from a
hymn – and we’re
sure it would
make Richard Dawkins frown – but it
seemed like too wonderful an
opportunity to pass up given that our
subject matter this issue ranges from
the amazingly micro to the massively
macro, and even takes in a few things
wise and wonderful along the way.
Issue 11 of How It Works looks at “the
great” by way of articles on the largest
animal on the planet, the blue whale,
and the biggest machines on the planet,
the behemoths of the mining industry.
“The small” is covered by a look at some
of the microscopic beasties living in our
homes and even on our bodies, so get
ready to start itching when you reach
page 14. “Bright and beautiful?” Well,
lasers cover the first and we’ve decided
to celebrate the 50th anniversary of the
laser with a look at how they work and
all of their amazing uses – from death
rays to Blu-rays. Golden eagles, shooting
stars, Super Earths and even private jets
all represent the beautiful, as does the
How It Works team… well, some of them.
Among all this ecclesiastical
referencing, it seems only right to add
balance in the form of some words from
Mr Eric Idle, who reminded us that “All
things dull and ugly, all creatures short
and squat. All things rude and nasty, the
Lord God made the lot.”
Be it bright or beautiful, dull or ugly,
even short and squat, be sure to keep
reading this magazine if you want to
find out about all the amazing things in
the world around us.
The sections explained
The huge amount of info in each
issue of
How It Works
is organised
into these sections
ENVIRONMENT
The natural world
explained
TRANSPORT
Be it road, rail,
air or sea
you’ll find
out about
it here
HISTORY
Questions answered
on how things worked
in the past
SCIENCE
Explaining the
applications of
science in the
contemporary world
TECHNOLOGY
The wonders of
modern gadgetry
and engineering
explained
SPACE
From exploration to the solar
system to deep space
Editor’s pick
Environmentalists may well
dismay but the massive
mining machines article
really pushed my
buttons this month. It’s
hard not to be
impressed by their
breathtaking size and
the amazing
engineering that
goes into these
industrial behemoths.
What you’re saying about How It Works
Written in a concise,
straightforward style. I
could give an issue to my 11-
year-old nephew, and I feel
quite certain that he would
have no difficulty reading it.
Johnny Curuthers
I home educate our 11-year-
old son and have been doing
so for four years. We have
been so impressed with the
magazine that we have
bought a copy each month
as it covers a much wider
variety of subjects than I do
and he finds it very easy to
understand and thoroughly
enjoys reading it from cover
to cover.
Fiona Todd-Dunning
My favourite interview was
Simon Reeve. Next? I’d love
to read an interview with
James Wong from
Grow Your
Own Drugs.
Or even Richard
Hammond with his
Invisible
Worlds…
AndrewGear111
Dave Harfield
Editor in Chief
WWW.HOWITWORKSDAILY.COM
© Imagine Publishing Ltd
No unauthorised copying or distribution
How It Works | 003
s
eds minds!
fe
agazine that
The m
EN
ISSUE ELEV
06
Global Eye
Take a visual and textual tour around the
wonderful world of science, the
environment and technology courtesy of
our Global Eye section
26
Lasers
■
Celebrating the 50th birthday of
the multi-talented laser
Statue
of Liberty
■
The history of
77
24
Caves
■
What are they and how
this famous
landmark
Sections
Environment
14
Creatures smaller than the eye can see
rendered larger than life by a scanning
electron microscope
are they formed?
Micro monsters
18
18
Mosquitoes
Hail
The largest animals in the known
universe explained
Lifeboats
■
The RNLI shows
70
20
Blue whales
22
22
23
24
us its new
Tamar lifeboat
Singing sand dunes
Monsoons
Golden eagles
How caves are formed
Science
26
Lasers
Celebrate the 50th anniversary of the
laser by discovering how they work
30
Distillation
31
Blood transfusions
004 | How It Works
Go to pg 92 for some great deals
© Imagine Publishing Ltd
No unauthorised copying or distribution
WWW.HOWITWORKSDAILY.COM
s
32
34
35
36
37
Tasty with onions and gravy and a
fascinating organ to boot
The liver
Regulars
12
How It
Works
interview
How It Works
talks to Professor
Robert Winston about the
future of science and education.
CPR
Wind tunnels
Liquid nitrogen
Circadian rhythm
Technology
38
Diggers and trucks that are bigger
than houses
Massive mining machines
Ball cocks
Lawn sprinklers
Lie detectors
Traffic lights
Parachutes
Golden eagles
23
45
45
46
46
47
■
Learn how these
amazing creatures hunt prey
48
How guns work
38
■
Bring on
What happens between the trigger
being pulled and the bang?
Space
50
Super Earths
54
54
55
56
56
57
58
The massive terrestrial worlds that
orbit other suns
Massive
mining
machines
the diggers!
Because
enquiring t
minds wan
to know…
Arecibo Observatory
Shooting stars
The Moon Illusion
How to weigh a planet
How hot are other worlds?
2001 Mars Odyssey
IKAROS space yacht
Is it a planet or is it not a planet? Find
out right here
80
Expert
answers
Experts from the National
Science Museum and the
International Year of
Biodiversity
Dr Robert
Bloomfield
Director IYB-UK
60
Pluto
With a PhD in
Genetics, Bob leads
the panel of experts
from the International
Year of Biodiversity.
Transport
62
B-2 Spirit bomber
Dwain Clarke
Science Museum Explainer
Super Earths
■
Discovering planets that we
could one day call home
50
Inside the world’s most expensive
combat aircraft
New boy Dwain joins
the long list of
Explainers who’ve
appeared in
HIW.
64
65
65
66
Travelling in style – a look at the luxury
on-board a private jet
Four-wheel drive
Wingtip vortices
Tilting trains
Private jets
Science Museum Explainer
Laura Brettle
Laura has a degree in
astrophysics and has
been an Explainer for
four years.
68
Parking sensors
68
Immobilisers
69
Jet skis
70
Tamar lifeboat
We head out to the high seas with the
RNLI’s Tamar-class lifeboat
ts of stuff
t and savan
isseurs of ki
For conno
History
74
76
77
78
A fantastic cutaway of one of the British
Navy’s finest ships
Explaining how these ancient machines
work and what they’re used for
86
The latest
reviews
The best gadgets, kit and
gizmos get reviewed
HMS Victory
94
How to make
Find out
how to
soup-up
your Nerf
gun
Water wheels
The Statue of Liberty
The famous code-generating machine
of World War Two explained
The Enigma machine
96
How It Works
– Inbox
Tell us what you think about
the magazine
WWW.HOWITWORKSDAILY.COM
© Imagine Publishing Ltd
No unauthorised copying or distribution
How It Works | 005

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