Barry E. DiGregorio - Mars - The Living Planet.pdf

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MARS
The
Living
Planet
V/(
BARRY
E.
DIGREGORIO
DR.
GILBERT
V.
LEVIN
AND
DR
PATRICIA
ANN
STRAAT
Is
there
life
on
other
worlds?
An
answer
to
this
tanta-
lizing
and
age-old
question
has
long
been
sought
on
our
nearest
neighbor,
Mars.
More
than
a
century
of
tele-
scopic
and
spacecraft
observations
have
led
astronomers
to
the
knowledge
that
the
Red
Planet
right
ingredients
for
life
is
a
world
with
most
of
the
in
the
its
—
specifically,
life
form
of
a
microbial
ecosystem
that
awakens
from
cold
winter
slumber
in
the
Martian
spring
and
sum-
Yes,
it
is
mer.
a
cold
world,
but
not
impossibly
cold
ice,
all
year.
It
has
clouds
of
water
and
with
circulating
caps
and
under-
winds,
as
well
as
water
in
the
polar
ice
lying
permafrost
regions.
There
are
vast
networks
of
dry
river
channels
and
the
shorelines
of
an
ancient
ocean.
There
is
evidence
of
enormous
volcanic
activity
—
per-
95%
life,
haps
ongoing
today.
The
atmosphere
of
Mars
carbon
dioxide.
is
Despite
such
relatively
favorable
conditions
for
the
majority
of
the
tains
the
current
NASA
scientific
community
main-
incapable
of
sup-
Mars
environment
is
porting
even
simple
microorganisms.
They
base
this
opinion
on
the
biology
tests
conducted
by
the
Viking
1976,
claiming
"no
evidence"
of
life
was
found.
But
one
of
the
biology
experiments.
Dr.
Gilbert
in
Landers
produced
intrigu-
and
still-unexplained
reactions
that
more
likely
than
not
constitute
an
unacknowledged
discovery
of
life
on
Mars.
ing
Levin's
Labeled
Release
experiment,
This
revolutionary
conclusion
is
supported
by
the
August
1996
announcement
by
NASA
of
possible
fos-
silized
bacteria
found
in
a
Martian
meteorite
collected
in
Antarctica.
If
life
existed
in
the
geologic
past,
still
it
could
on
Mars
today,
adapting
to
ever-changing
envi-
ronmental
conditions.
Advances
in
microbiology
since
exist
1976
further
bolster
the
case
for
life
on
Mars,
as
life
is
found
in
places
on
Earth
long
considered
unsuitable,
such
as
miles-deep
aquifers
and
rock
environments.
What
was
once
considered
unlikely
microbial
life
on
Mars
life
—
—
is
now
up
for
serious
reconsideration.
Barry
DiGregorio's
thorough
exploration
of
the
issue
T
Mars
Gilbert
and
the
provocative
comments
supplied
by
Dr.
^^
'"hapter
Nine
challenge
the
pre-
ddition
to
an
overview
of
^^
&
xjal
potential
and
an
infor-
ology
experiments
carried
^
continued
on
back
flap
FEB
1996
Mars:
The
Living
Planet

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